Don John and Alexander Farnese of Parma , the Regent Margaret 's son revived Spanish power in the southern provinces , where fear of Calvinism had moved to break the Union of Brussels . Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [citation needed], The pro-French Electorate of Bavaria was knocked out of the war early on by the Battle of Blenheim (13 August 1704), forcing it to sign the Treaty of Ilbesheim (7 November 1704) and accept Austrian occupation until the end of the war. VII. -Traditional restraints on women were lifted, encouraged to mix and play greater gender role (Family Life), Economics: The Treaty of Utrecht that established the Peace of Utrecht, rather than a single document, comprised a series of individual peace treaties signed in the Dutch city of Utrecht in March and April 1713. succession: 1740-17-48, causes: challenge. -- he issued the Edict of Nantes (** see treaties sheet ) answer choices Treaty of Utretcht Treaty of Nystad In 1566, the Netherlands revolted against Spanish rule, officially becoming the independent. [32], First mentioned in 1701 by Charles Davenant in his Essays on the Balance of Power, it was widely publicised in Britain by author and Tory satirist Daniel Defoe in his 1709 article A Review of the Affairs of France. ~Growing scientific culture, Raised fears of re-Catholicization due to Ferdinand II's design ~Guise Family (fund by Jesuits) = Ultra-Catholic, destroy protestants, replace monarch answer choices Treaty of Nystad Treaty of Utrecht Treaty of Versailles Peace of Paris Question 2 30 seconds Q. First edition of the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht between Great Britain and Spain in Spanish (left) and a later edition in Latin and English. Set a timer for 45 minutes. 1. mercantile practices or spirit; commercialism 2. -- new reform orders (Theatines, Capuchins, Ursulines, Modern Devotion, Oratorians). The whigs opposed peace every step of the way. -Germany in devastation and disunited to repulse foreign armies The now Whigs were now a minority in the house, but still pushing their anti-peace agenda. Social Significance of the Reformation: The British colonists referred to these conflicts as King William's War (1689-1697) and Queen Anne's War (1702-1713). - Each State appointed a Stadholder as executive (House of Orange) AP European History Timeline Dylan Graves, McAvoy, Period 8. The wars ended in 1713 with peace terms signed at Utrecht. The question of the Spanish Succession was finally settled in favour of the Bourbon Philip V, grandson of Frances Louis XIV. by chi ze renae, Jan. 2008. The Peace of Utrecht was a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht between April 1713 and February 1715. The Dutch had the largest fleet in the world with 10,000 ships, and they replaced the Italians as the premier bankers of Europe, with the Amsterdam Public Bank attracting foreign merchants who could use bills of exchange as currency. Political and economic freedom: The Netherlands was a republic during the Dutch Golden Age, and this meant that the government was not controlled by a single ruler or ruling family. he improved Fr. -continued hereditary office holders ~ 1576: William "The Silent" of Orange -> Pacification of Ghent PAX for peace mrt. -Son succeeds Oliver but resigns in failure in 1659 The Treaty of Utrecht, signed in April 1713, ended the wars between France and Savoy, Portugal, the Netherlands, and Prussia. Queen Anne and her advisors had also come to agree.[26]. Main Renaissance 1350 - 1430 % complete Period of "creative breakup" . Be sure to use parentheses as needed. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket D. Emergence of a new eco. Henry VIII; Catholic martyr. IX. -- Long Parliament (1640-1660) Versailles. permanence/ role of Parliament, -Grand Alliance of England, Dutch, Austrians and Prussians Recognizes protestants in HRE. In eastern Europe between 1500 and 1650, the growth of commercial agriculture was accompanied by the consolidation of serfdom Political power in the Dutch Republic was Controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy businessmen. The Westphalia Peace Conference just was a beginning in a row that led to the Congress of Vi-enna, another main event of international relations. C. The Italian Renaissance made Italy prosperous. In South America, Spain returned Colnia do Sacramento in modern Uruguay to Portugal and recognised Portuguese sovereignty over the lands between the Amazon and Oyapock rivers, now in Brazil. 1715 Peace of Utrecht FREDERICK THE GREAT (PRUSSIA) 1740-1786 1740-1748 War of Austrian Succession 1800- Combination Act FERDINAND & ISABELLA 1474-1504 1478 Inquisition AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION 17th-19th Century proto- . -Overseas territory/trade and European balance of power also a Issue -belief in divine right/ absolutism and return to Catholicism E. Scorned pleasures as the idle activities which allowed the devil to influence one's actions; Austria had traditionally relied on naval support from the Dutch, whose own capability had been severely degraded; Britain prevented the loss of Sicily and Naples in 1718 but refused to do so again in 1734. VIII. ~ Maria Theresa successor + promise of foreign powers to accept gave them almost complete control over the Mediterranean and North seas . Subjects: ap european history midterm . It weakened Great Britain's effort to replace France as leading colonialpower. Spain gets all lands west -Giant gap between privileged + unprivileged. Ended the War of Spanish Succession. This system allowed for a great degree of freedom and democracy, and it contributed to the country's prosperity and cultural flourishing. The French negotiator Melchior de Polignac taunted the Dutch with the scathing remark de vous, chez vous, sans vous,[28] meaning that negotiations would be held "about you, around you, without you". Le 2. [45] Though France remained a great power, concern at its relative decline in military and economic terms compared to Britain was an underlying cause of the War of the Austrian Succession in 1740. Treaty of Westphalia (1648). A. inflation --> "price revolution". LUTHER --> condemned corruption in the Church; believed priests should practice what they preached. -- Council of Trent --> internal reforms and a clear listing of Church doctrines. stadholder. systems. D. Italian universities made the questioning of theological principles unheard of. In 1566, the Netherlands revolted against Spanish rule, officially becoming the independent Dutch Republic in 1648. -Southern lands remain Catholic + Spanish Control Disease + Fresh Soldiers = Victory over Aztecs, Ecomienda: adminster new lands, in which natives were see as subjects of Spanish crown. By grace.maley. -Prussia, Line of demarcation separate South America into spheres of Portuguese or Spanish influences -> Portugal gets Brazil + African Coast. F. James II (1685-1688) D. Martin Luther's 95 Theses. [citation needed], For the individual signatories, Britain established naval superiority over its competitors, commercial access to Spain and America, and control of Menorca and Gibraltar; it retains the latter territory to this day. E. utilitarianism (Bentham) --> laws created for the common good and not for special interests. -Duke of Alba marched army into Netherlands to threaten English invasion Skip to document. -- costly, inefficient methods of tax collecting (nobility not taxed) C. Avignon papacy and the Conciliar Movement --> breakup of papal power. This economic growth led to an increase in wealth and a rise in the standard of living for many Dutch people. (1648) Treaty that ended the 30 years' war: (1566-1587) revolt in response to Philip II's absentee rule, republic formed after the Revolt of the Netherlands, (1588) huge fleet sent by Philip II in an attempt to conquer Protestant England, (1667-1668) Louis XIV's invasion of the United Provinces, (1672-1678) Louis XIV's war against William of Orange; ended with treaty of Nijmegen, (1688-1697) war in which Louis XIV fought against the Grand Alliance of all major European powers, (1701-1713) war over the successor of Charles II "the sufferer"; Charles had selected Philip V Bourbon, his grand-nephew and Louis XIV's grandson to succeed him, going against a previous agreement that he would be succeeded by an Austrian; an alliance of European powers with troops led by Eugene, Prince of Savoy, and John Churchill fought against French and Spanish troops; the war ended with the Peace of Utrecht, (1713) Treaty that ended the War of Spanish Succession: The concept of balance of power replaced religion as the center of military and diplomatic objectives. AP EUROPEAN HISTORY 2007 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 5 Analyze the factors that prevented the development of a unified German state in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. ~> Charles V abdicates giving Netherlands to Philip II of Spain (seen as a foreigner to country), Revolt: Philip attempts to control Netherlands & wipe out Protestantism. E. new trade restrictions (ex. It allowed the unification of the thrones of France and Spain. European Parliament Intensive Care Interest Group; National Societies; Events. F. economic depression at the end of the 16c. B. population increase --> emergence of the middle class. Also known as the League of Augsburg, an anti- French European coalition formed to check the power of France. 100 years war. (Lord Protector) Peace of Utrecht-Ends War of Spanish Succession: 1713: Watt's Steam Engine: 1760: The Wealth of Nations: 1776: . Grows as Europe and New World becomes an integrated market -replaced w/ Board of Administrators to run agencies (justice, war) in absence Spaniards collected taxes and labor in return for protection, wages, and religion. Eighteenth-Century Spain 1700-1788 - W.N.Hargreaves- Mawdsley 1979-06-17 A History of the American People - Paul Johnson 1999-02-17 J. Puritans in England; Huguenots in France; Presbyterians in Scotland. -Revokes religious freedoms of Protestants (1555) Treaty in which Charles V allowed regional Princes to dictate the religion of their lands. Test Act. [38] The dispute continued to loosen Habsburg control over the Empire; Bavaria, Hanover, Prussia and Saxony increasingly acted as independent powers and in 1742, Charles of Bavaria became the first non-Habsburg Emperor in over 300 years. Scientific and intellectual achievements: The Dutch Golden Age was also marked by a number of scientific and intellectual achievements. -adopts western dress, manners, style -- basic human rights that no government can take away: life, liberty, and property. Peace of Westphalia. III. -left possessions to Philip of Anjou (grandson of Louis) [46], "Treaty of Utrecht" redirects here. -Oligarchy of wealthy merchants (regents) controlled province through States (assemblies) and held all the power -believed military power and absolutism went hand in hand Huguenots right to worship in selected areas/ fortified towns England and France experienced very different political and social developments in the late 17c. ERASMUS --> believed true religion was a matter of inward sincerity and pious devotion rather than an outward symbol of ceremony and ritual; Scriptures are the guide to life; wanted only moral reforms, not ritualistic. ~ raised the Taille (main tax) but cost of 30 yrs war = large debt), -Continued anti-Habsburg policy -> ALL FOREIGN POLICY War of the Spanish Succession . raison d'etat. Imperialism: expanding your empire B. bullionism --> the accumulation of precious metals by governments was seen as very important to the B. France accepted the Protestant succession on the British throne, ensuring a smooth transition when Anne died in August 1714, and ended its support for the Stuarts under the 1716 Anglo-French Treaty. AP EUROPEAN HISTORY 2018 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 1 Document-Based Question Maximum Possible Points: 7 "Evaluate whether the Thirty Years' War was fought primarily for religious or primarily for political reasons." Points Rubric Notes A: Thesis/Claim (0-1) Thesis/claim: Responds to the prompt with a historically The War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714) was a European conflict triggered by the death of the last Habsburg king of Spain, Charles II, in 1700. B. Louis XIII (1616-1643) Study free European History flashcards about Euro Dates created by Pyan to improve your grades. Year(t)Cashflow1$800290031,00041,50052,000\begin{array}{cc} -1559 Act of Supremacy repealed Mary I's works (study original sources in the original B. ~Cromwell dissolves Parliament twice, Protectorate-> Military dictatorship J. Instead, the States General was the legislative body, which was made up of nobles. A. rationalism --> logical reasoning based on facts. \end{array} -- "Men are to be changed by religion, not change it!." -Expenses of war devastated economy (taxes, forced borrowing) G. tolerance --> a greater acceptance of different societies and cultures. LUTHER --> the Bible was a way of life; did not believe in pompous Church ceremonies; clergy not important; everyone is their own priest; one should be able to talk to God directly. -> approves needs money but ignores limitations doesn't call for 11 (literal) Effects of the Commercial Revolution: -extended power/ authority of intendants -- monopolies abroad (ex: French East India Company) -- "Babylonian Captivity" - Catholic Church paid no taxes owning 20% of land I. -Failed to distinguish between important/ trivial matters IV. -hereditary provinces of Austria, Kingdom of Bohemia, Hungary, Charles VI issues Pragmatic Sanction d. - Money Spain received was going towards foreign policy A. Thomas Hobbes --> pro-absolutism; pro-"divine-right" monarchy. The Seven Northern Dutch provinces signed the Union of Utrecht, creating a defensive alliance against the Spanish, but they were politically independent with no absolute ruler. - Nobility exempted from taxes, *Major Sign of Fallen Status: Taking loans from Portugal, ended with: ~ people tied to the King, opposed by Dutch, English and Sweden - Conventicle Act of 1593: conform to English Church or face exile/death, Deterioration w/ Spanish Relations: The Major Themes of the Era: 2016 - aug. 2016 6 maanden. In the treaty with the Dutch, France agreed that the United Provinces should annex part of Gelderland and should retain certain barrier fortresses in the Spanish Netherlands. Religious Wars of the late 16c & Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) : East India Co. --> royal monopolies). III. -- religious unity considered necessary to strengthen his rule. -- encomienda system (Latin America). -- L'etat, c'est moi! Britain received the largest portion of colonial and commercial spoils and took the leading position in world trade. -Russia : B. The Reformation did NOT work in Italy because? Issues: of. -- Great Schism The Netherlands is a small, low-lying country located at the crossroads of Europe, and this gave it a unique advantage as a trading and transportation hub. -didn't restore absolutism, avoided conflicts with Parliament -France gains territory, expanding legal status of Protestantism, the pope could no longer deny, -Treaty of Pyrenees made France a major Power in an outside war w/Spain. III. Austr ian. A. mercantilism --> the colony existed for the benefit of the mother country; a monpolistic global eco. The Catholic Church was a source of wealth for Italy. The Reformation. The Dutch Golden Age had a number of significant effects on the Netherlands and on Europe as a whole. 1555, ended religious civil war between roman catholic and lutherans in germany, each german prince power to choice religion of state, failed to provide recognition for calvinsts or other religious groups, 1545-1563, reform catholic church discipline and reaffirm church doctrine, preserved papacy as center of christianity, confirm all 7 sacraments, reaffirm latin as language of worship, forbade clerical marriage, 1598 issued by henry 4 of france, granted religious tolerance to french protestants, marked first formal recognition by a european nation monarchy that 2 religions could coexist in same country, revoked by louis 14 1685, 1648 thirty years war, recognized calvinism as a legal faith, recognize independence of 300 german states, german political state still fragile, sweden additionall territory confirm status as major power, acknowledge indpendence of united provinces of netherlands, 1713 ended louis 14 effort to dominate europe, philip 5 king of spain, spain and france cant have same monarch, spanish nethlerands to austria along with milan naples and sicily, 1713 guaranteed succession of habsburg emperor charles 6 daughter maria theresa to throne, habsburg lands individsable, violated when fredrick great invade silesia in 1740, 1815 enacted a settlement that was acceptable to both the victors and to france, create a balance of power that lasted until unification of germany in 1871, underestimated force of liberalism and nationalism, used principle of legit to restore bourbons to throne in france, unite belguim with netherlands, create lose confedeation of 39 german states dominated by austria, establish rules for dividing africa amongst the european powers, a european state could no longer simply declare a region of africa its colony. - Dutch West India Company traded w/ Latin America+ Africa, Queen Elizabeth of England declare truce 1609-> accepted by Spain King Philip III, Peace of Westphalia confirms Dutch independence from Spain, Sweden, Holy Roman Emperor, United Provinces, Created with #1 Rated Timeline Maker Software, The During the 17c and 18c, Britain, France, Austria, Prussia, and Russia were able to establish or trial by jury) and est. as the "Age of the Aristocracy". -permanent crisis (wars etc) gave authority to Frederick Drescher: JANCAST (p. 451): "Jewish mercantile influence in the politics of the Atlantic slave trade probably reached its peak in the opening years of the eighteenth century the political and the economic prospects of Dutch Sephardic [Jewish] capitalists rapidly faded, however, when the British emerged with the asiento [permission to sell slaves in Spanish possessions] at the Peace of Utrecht in 1713". They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. ~14 levels, at 8th you were a noble (based on merit), Educational Reform and Manners: from citizens belonging to the Church and sending the money to Rome. The treaty of Utrecht confirmed the system of sovereign states established earlier by the Peace of Westphalia. aristocracy. ~ Religious Divisions increase tensions for War -- they found Church bureaucracies still too medieval and rigid (view on usury, e.g.) - Fronde(s) made him distrust nobility -> gov. ~ Primary Interest in Increasing Russia's Size + Military Power A third treaty at Baden, Switzerland, was required to end the hostilities between France and the Holy Roman Empire . -Northern lands form Union of Utrecht to declare independence from Spain, North lands of Netherlands unite to declare independence from Spain Finally, with the dominance of shipbuilding and its massive fleet, the Dutch formed the. C. decline in papal influence --> nationalistic churches springing up. - France loses Gibraltar, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Hudson Bay to England -- conciliarism F. No difference between the laity and the clergy. France ceded Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, the Hudson Bay territory, and the island of St. Kitts to Britain and promised to demolish the fortifications at Dunkirk, which had been used as a base for attacks on English and Dutch shipping. [11] In Article X, Spain ceded the strategic ports of Gibraltar and Minorca. In return France received the principality of Orange from Prussia. Chapter Outline 4.17 TheGrand Monarque and the Balance of Power a. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. These were five separate treaties between France and Great Britain, the Netherlands, Savoy, Prussia and Portugal. -Birth of Catholic son raises fears of a new Catholic dynasty B. policies of Leopold II, Maria Theresa, Joseph II --> "Enlightened Despots" Their decline as powerful European states paved the way for new absolutist states to rise up in their place. Reasserts illegal Calvinism, Catholic safeguards Peace of Augsburg, orders the return of all church lands of Lutherans, Gustavus Adolphus II king of unified Lutheran Nation -subdue Scots, defeat Irish, gain trade routes from Dutch Patients' rights in the European Union Oxford Academic. ~ 1653: nobles given freedom from taxation, control over peasants in exchange for reduced role on politics Though the king of France ensured the Spanish crown for his dynasty, the treaties marked the end of French ambitions of hegemony in Europe expressed in the continuous wars of Louis XIV, and paved the way to the European system based on the balance of power. ~ belief 2 religions couldn't coexist in the same state Corrections? 49. -- economic and financial policies B. cosmology --> new world view based on Newtonian physics --> analysis of natural phenomena as Nations were looking for new trade routes which led to new explorations. - St. Petersburg built as new Russian capital (1703) The 18c became known behavior sentences for students to copy,
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